The journal Agrotecnia de Cuba was founded in 1963 by the National Institute of Agrarian Reform (INRA), a continuation of the Agrotecnia title, which had existed since 1947. Among its main objectives were to provide guidance to those interested in agricultural sciences and to provide informational and scientific-technical materials through contributions from specialists in various branches of agriculture and experimentation. Until 1974, it was advised by Dr. Juan Tomas Roig y Mesa, a prestigious Cuban naturalist who was also Honorary Director of the Cuban Academy of Sciences.

It coexisted with other serial publications such as the Journal of Agriculture of the Cuban Academy of Sciences (ACC) (1966/1977), later named Agricultural Sciences, until 1987.

Beginning in 1964, various technical aspects were incorporated with the intention of improving its editorial quality, including the use of bibliographic references, tables of contents, and summaries in two languages. Between 1974 and 1976, its publication was sponsored by the Agricultural Information and Documentation Center (CIDA) and the Science and Technology Directorate of the Ministry of Agriculture. At that same time, it began publishing semiannually, rather than quarterly as it had since its inception. It incorporated an Editorial Committee, accepted foreign contributions, implemented the use of explanatory tables and graphs, and strengthened scientific collaboration among authors.

In 1992, due to difficult economic conditions affecting the country, Agrotecnia de Cuba ceased publication until 1997, when it was renewed under the sponsorship of the Alejandro de Humboldt Institute for Fundamental Research in Tropical Agriculture (INIFAT), in collaboration with other scientific institutions of the Ministry of Agriculture, such as the Liliana Dimitrova Horticultural Research Institute (IIHLD), the Soil Research Institute (IIS), and the Plant Health Research Institute (INISAV). In 2002, it was placed under the exclusive management of INIFAT.

Since 2005, Dr. C. Amelia Capote Rodríguez (†) has taken over the publication of the journal as Editor-in-Chief, and with the support of the General Directorate of INIFAT, the institution's IT team and the services of INCA Publishing, she has managed to ensure that, in addition to its usual printed format, it has begun to be published in electronic format, a condition that has given it visibility, until 2023, from the Websites of the Cuban Association of Agricultural and Forestry Technicians (ACTAF) and the Agricultural Group (GAG).

The year 2024 marked a new beginning for the journal. With the goal of continuing to increase its visibility, it adopted the Open Journal System (OJS) platform to manage its content online, a move made possible thanks to the cooperation of Cervantes-Producciones Digital. Currently, efforts are underway to increase its inclusion in regional and international databases.

As a scientific publication of INIFAT Publishing, it is registered in the National Registry of Periodic Publications (RNPP) with No. 0353, folio 118 and volume I of 1999, with ISSN (print version): 0568-3114 and ISSN (digital version): 2414-4673. It publishes original and unpublished research in Spanish and English, becoming original articles, short communications and review articles, in the specialties of plant genetic resources, microbial resources, plant physiology and postharvest, crop management, plant protection, agricultural extension, agroecology and urban, suburban and family agriculture. Currently its output frequency is annual, under the continuous publication system, which guarantees the free exchange and immediacy of information.