Fungicidal activity of strains of Cladobotryum spp., for the control of pathogenic fungi present in productive modalities of Urban Agriculture
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Abstract
In the search for natural substances, with antifungal activity from fungal species conserved in the Micoteca of INIFAT (WFCC, No.853), the behavior of three strains of the Cladobotryum genus was studied: C. pinarense (1789), C. semicirculare (1698) and C. virescens (C10 / 110). The antagonist activity was determined against the phytopathogenic species Alternaria brassicicola (4145), Corynespora cassiicola (4146) and Fusarium chlamydosporum (4147), by means of the Dual Culture Method. Strains were grown in the liquid media of potato and oats, under shaker conditions, for 5, 10 and 15 days. The culture broths and ethyl acetate extracts obtained were evaluated against the phytopathogenic species, by means of the Bioautographic Method by Thin Layer Chromatography (CCF). The effectiveness of the culture broths in vivo in leaves and fruits of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L., cv. ´Tropical V-18´) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata L., cv. ´Marien´), was evaluated the phytotoxicity test was carried out on said culture broths and the preliminary chemical composition was determined. The results obtained showed that the three species of Cladobotryum showed an antagonistic effect on the pathogens studied. The ethyl acetate extracts showed inhibition of the growth of the pathogens, in the three days of fermentation. The inoculated plants and fruits showed no growth of the pathogens, evidencing the fungicidal effect of the applied crop broths, and there was no appearance of phytotoxicity in the evaluated seedlings. On the other hand, the chemical screening showed the presence of amines, quinones, flavonoids and reducing sugars. These results demonstrate the potential of this genus in terms of obtaining bioproducts for the control of fungal diseases within the Agroecological Pest Management Program (MAP) of great utility for the movement of Urban Agriculture.
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